第三方 API 集成中的稳定性保障：短信/邮件/Facebook 登录的高可用设计

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abstract class BaseApiClient
{
    protected $timeout = 5; // 超时5秒
    protected $retryTimes = 3; // 重试3次
    protected $retryDelay = 1; // 初始退避1秒
    protected $circuitBreaker; // 熔断器

    public function request($method, $url, $params = [])
    {
        // 熔断检查
        if ($this->circuitBreaker->isOpen()) {
            throw new CircuitOpenException('熔断器已打开');
        }

        $attempt = 0;
        $lastException = null;

        while ($attempt < $this->retryTimes) {
            try {
                $response = $this->doRequest($method, $url, $params);
                $this->circuitBreaker->recordSuccess();
                return $response;
            } catch (RetryableException $e) {
                // 可重试错误
                $lastException = $e;
                $attempt++;
                if ($attempt < $this->retryTimes) {
                    $delay = $this->retryDelay * pow(2, $attempt - 1);
                    usleep($delay * 1000000);
                }
            } catch (NonRetryableException $e) {
                // 不可重试错误，直接抛
                $this->circuitBreaker->recordFailure();
                throw $e;
            }
        }

        $this->circuitBreaker->recordFailure();
        throw $lastException;
    }

    abstract protected function doRequest($method, $url, $params);
}

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class CircuitBreaker
{
    private $redis;
    private $key;
    private $failureThreshold = 10; // 连续失败10次熔断
    private $recoveryTime = 60; // 60秒后半开试探

    public function __construct($name)
    {
        $this->redis = Yii::$app->redis;
        $this->key = "circuit:{$name}";
    }

    public function isOpen()
    {
        $state = $this->redis->hget($this->key, 'state');
        if ($state === 'open') {
            $lastFailure = $this->redis->hget($this->key, 'last_failure');
            if (time() - $lastFailure > $this->recoveryTime) {
                // 半开状态，允许试探
                $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'state', 'half_open');
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    public function recordSuccess()
    {
        $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'failures', 0);
        $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'state', 'closed');
    }

    public function recordFailure()
    {
        $failures = $this->redis->hincrby($this->key, 'failures', 1);
        $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'last_failure', time());

        $state = $this->redis->hget($this->key, 'state');
        if ($state === 'half_open') {
            // 半开状态失败，重新熔断
            $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'state', 'open');
        } elseif ($failures >= $this->failureThreshold) {
            $this->redis->hset($this->key, 'state', 'open');
        }
    }
}

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class SmsService
{
    private $providers = ['smsc', 'twilio'];
    private $currentProvider;

    public function send($phone, $message)
    {
        foreach ($this->providers as $provider) {
            try {
                $client = $this->getClient($provider);
                $client->send($phone, $message);
                $this->currentProvider = $provider;
                $this->logSuccess($provider, $phone);
                return true;
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                $this->logFailure($provider, $phone, $e->getMessage());
                continue; // 换下一个提供商
            }
        }
        throw new SmsException('所有短信提供商都失败了');
    }

    private function getClient($provider)
    {
        $clients = [
            'smsc' => new SmscClient(),
            'twilio' => new TwilioClient(),
        ];
        return $clients[$provider];
    }
}

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// 业务代码里只发消息，不直接调用邮件API
Yii::$app->queue->push(new SendEmailJob([
    'to' => $user->email,
    'subject' => '订单确认',
    'template' => 'order_confirm',
    'data' => ['order_id' => $order->id],
]));

// 消费者
class SendEmailJob extends BaseJob
{
    public function execute($queue)
    {
        $mailer = new MailService();
        $mailer->send($this->to, $this->subject, $this->template, $this->data);
    }
}

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public function actionFacebookLogin()
{
    $code = Yii::$app->request->get('code');
    try {
        $facebook = new FacebookClient();
        $userInfo = $facebook->getUserInfo($code);
        // 登录或注册逻辑
        return $this->loginOrRegister($userInfo);
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        // Facebook 登录失败，降级到邮箱登录
        Yii::$app->session->setFlash('error', 'Facebook 登录暂时不可用，请使用邮箱登录');
        return $this->redirect(['site/login']);
    }
}